Submission to Local Network

In their operations, businesses should enact and support the core values proposed by the UN Global Compact. In line with this, we are writing to propose the various strategies which firms should incorporate in their operation in relation to anticorruption and environmental responsibility. According to Global Compact, firms should comply with the Eighth Principle which stipulates that business organizations should implement various initiatives which are geared towards promoting environmental responsibility.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Submission to Local Network specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the Rio Declaration, businesses are charged with the responsibility of ensuring that their operations do not affect the environment in which they operate negatively. This arises from the fact that the legitimacy of a firms operation is dependent on its capacity to meet the society’s needs (The Global Compact 2008, 3). In our operation, Hewlett Packard has incorporated the concept of environmental responsibility within its product marketing. This has enabled the firm to comply with the Global Compact requirements. Therefore, we agree to this recommendation due to realization of the fact that environmental responsibility is a key element in the long-term survival of a business entity (Fernando 2009, 44). In addition to environmental responsibility, business enterprises should also ensure that there is a high degree of transparency in their operation (Mason 2005, 45). This is in line with Global Compact principle 10 which stipulates that the private sector has a significant role to play in ensuring that corruption is eliminated. Principle 10 stipulates that business enterprises should be concerned at ensuring that all forms of corruption such as extortion and bribery are eliminated. In order to ensure increased compliance to the above principles, we recommend the following based o n our experiences. Firms should undertake a comprehensive research in developing products In our operation, HP has had a significant impact on the environment via its products. The core objective is to improve the livelihood of its customers and the society in general. This is attained via integration of environmental consideration within the firm’s business strategy. The resultant effect is that the firm’s products are of high value. Member of the Local Network should incorporate the Design-for-Environment (DfE) strategy in their operation. This will ensure that all the environmental characteristics are optimized in the production process. For the DfE to be effective, firm’s management teams should ensure that there is a continuous evaluation of the programme to ensure compliance. Evaluation can be attained by formulating sustainability principles which should be evaluated against global standards.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Firms should formulate environmental responsibility targets and also integrate Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools. The EIA tools will ensure that decision makers put into consideration the resultant environmental impact in relation to a particular business project. According to the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), business enterprises should formulate approaches which are aimed at ensuring that a comprehensive impact assessment is attained (Petts1999, 23). This will benefit the society in that firms will be able to identify and assess the necessary changes which should be undertaken designing the product so as to reduce the product’s environmental impact. Considering the fact that environmental assessment is aimed at ensuring that the firm undertakes its corporate social responsibility effectively, business enterprises will be required to undertake considerable inves tment in understanding the needs of the society (Tolhurst, Pohl, Matten Visser 2008, 244). The society may be reluctant in giving their opinion regarding the operation of the firm. This means that the EIA tools may not be effective. Integrating a code of conduct with partners In our operation, Hewlett Packard works in collaboration with various stakeholders in an effort to attain its goals. One of the issues which the firm’s management team puts more emphasis on entails ensuring that integrity is not compromised in all its business dealings. This is achieved via incorporation of a code of conduct with its business partners. To eliminate the various forms of corruption such as bribery and exhortation, business enterprises should ensure that their business associates and other stakeholders such as suppliers adhere to business ethics (HP Ethics and Compliance Office 2006, 1). In addition, businesses should ensure that their counterparts are familiar with the various laws and co nsequences associated with the firm. This will mitigate chances of financial loss occurring due to involvement with corruption (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1999, 29). To prevent any form of corruption, we require our business partners to formulate and implement effective controls. These are aimed at preventing and detecting various acts involving corruption. In line with this, we suggest that Local Network members should formulate and implement effective controls. Through implementation of these controls, both the business partners such as suppliers and customers will benefit. For example, the firms will be able to operate effectively and efficiently leading into increased customer satisfaction.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Submission to Local Network specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, there are challenges which the firms will face. One of these challenges relate with the fact that business partners will find it difficult complying with the laid down controls due to existence of legal and cultural differences (Vig Axelrod 1999, 35). The above points reflect some of the guidelines which members of Global Compact should integrate. Consideration of these issues will contribute towards increased compliance with the Global Compact requirements. We hope that this submission will be carefully considered and look forward to a draft paper that details the approach to be taken by the Local Network. Reference List Fernado, Andrian. 2009. Business ethics: an Indian perspective.Sydney: Pearson Education HP Ethics and Compliance Office. 2006. â€Å"HP partners code of conduct.† Houston: Hewlett Packard. Mason, Michael. 2005. The new accountability: environmental responsibility across  borders. New Jersey: Earthscan. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.1999. No longer business  as usual: fighting bribery and corruption. New York: OECD Publ ishing. Petts, Judith.1999. Handbook of environmental impact assessment: environmental  impact assessment in practice: impact and limitations. New York: Wiley Blackwell.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Global Compact. 2008. Corporate citizenship in the world economy. New York: United Nations Global Compact Office. Tolhurst, Nick, Pohl, Manfred, Matten, Dirk Visser, Wayne. 2008. The A to Z of  corporate social responsibility. Chicago: Wiley Publishers. Vig, Norman Axelrod, Regina. 1999. The global environment: institutions, law and  policy. New Jersey: Earthscan. This essay on Submission to Local Network was written and submitted by user Melany J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Native Land Claim in Canada

Native Land Claim in Canada Introduction Land is an essential part of life among all indigenous people (Simons et al., 77). It encompasses the entire use of territory including forests, rivers, mountains, water bodies among other natural resources.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Native Land Claim in Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The unique relationship that exists between the indigenous people and the land often makes their rights to land vital for their survival, cultural values and identity (Simons et al., 77). Consequently, colonization of indigenous territories affected the aboriginal people with most of the colonizers gaining ownership of their land which rendered them landless forcing them to lead nomadic lifestyles. The late 1960s marked the beginning of the modern era of law and policy pertaining to aboriginal rights and titles in Canada. In 1969, the white paper addressing Indian Policy was published (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). This paper proposed the repeal of Indian act and the demolishing of department of Indian affairs. The white paper further outlined that any unique rights possessed by aboriginal people had been submerged in the flow of history hence making such rights irrelevant. The white paper propositions were out rightly rejected by the native Indians, Inuit and Metis and this led to the suspension of the white paper implementation two years later. Following the resistance of the natives to the new regulations, the government of Canada embarked on vigorous reconsideration of the legal, political, and cultural aspects that governed the lives of Indians, Inuit and Metis. This significantly contributed to the definition and protection of the rights of aboriginal people in Canada. The country took various positive steps towards achievement of greater native control of policies and resources. Currently, land claims are adequately dealt with where the rights of the aboriginals are upheld (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). The process for land claims in Canada is relatively slow with hundreds of claims still pending. Negotiations often incorporate provincial and territorial governments and other third parties who aim at resolving the conflict arising between the two social groups. Negotiation process is formally based on legal concepts with issues of contention ranging from land titles to aboriginal rights.Advertising Looking for essay on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The process aims at promoting social and economic equality in the modern Canada in addition to solving the social conflict of resources. The settlement often takes the form of cash compensation, return of ancestral lands or rights to self governments (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). Historical basis of land claim in Canada Under the Royal Proclamation of 1763, an unspecified track of land currently referred to as Canada was allocated for use to the aboriginal people- Indians, Inuit and Metis. The proclamation forbade unauthorized purchase and possession of the same land by non native settlers and foreigners (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). However, immigration by other people into the region led to establishment of treaties with some of the Indigenous people which legitimized settlement and ownership of the land by immigrants and colonizers. The countries gradual occupation by foreigners has continued for over four centuries making the indigenous occupants of the land to be the minority groups in the country. This has led to marginalization of the aboriginal people which has posed a threat to their culture as well as their existence. Possession of land by foreigners was facilitated by native people voluntarily giving up their rights of possession to immigrants, native’s loss of control of the reserve lands, and lack of request for allocation of the reserves by the natives (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). The native people, most of who lead nomadic lifestyles have found themselves isolated to reserve regions with minimum access to resources that the foreigners enjoy. This has negatively impacted on the natives’ perception of themselves with the experience of being overrun by industrial growth, cities, and agriculture being substantially overwhelming. This has particularly impacted on those Mà ©tis, Indians, and Inuit who never signed the accords. Displaced and marginalized natives have increased their resistance against these forces which has led to the need for reforms in the country’s resource allocation strategies and the need to resolve the land claims. In response to the resulting marginalization, the native people sought to maintain their identity through aboriginal rights and native claims movements. These movements became prominent in the 60s due to various reasons. The movements were highly influenced by increasing world wide concerns regarding the rights of minority groups acr oss the world as well as environmental concerns (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). Concerns also arose among the native people regarding the imposed education system which threatened to erode the native language and culture and served to alienate young native people. The system further influenced the perception of the natives on white man’s political and legal regime by justifying it. These concerns led to the native resistance movements in Canada.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Native Land Claim in Canada specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Proposed solutions As early as 1876, the Canadian federal government established the Indian Act which created the department for of native affairs whose main aim was to ensure that the obligations signed in the treaty were adhered to (Planeswalker 1). The formulation of the White paper in 1968 which was aimed at getting rid of the Indian Act and other land treaties was thus met wi th a lot of criticisms with the aboriginal people responding in 1970 through the Red Paper (Planeswalker 1). This conflict led to increased need for the government to respond to the needs of aboriginal people. Due to constant opposition by the aboriginal people to any government strategies aimed at promoting the rights and freedom of the settlers, a provision was created which entrenched treaty rights to in the Canadian Charter of Rights and freedoms (Planeswalker 1). Consequently, numerous land claims continue to be filed particularly in British Columbia as well as the North West Territories. Most recently, the country has taken positive steps towards greater native control of policies and resources evidenced by the establishment of Statement of Claims of Indian and Inuit people in 1973 and the office of the Native claims in 1974 where tribal claims are dealt with (Waldman 259). In the early 1970s, the Canadian federal government sought to elevate the social status of native Canadi ans through formulation of a new policy that aimed at settling the native land claims and promoting their livelihood (Canadian Encyclopaedia 1). This policy outlined the Canadian government’s commitment to the fulfilment of the terms of the treaties and to negotiate settlements with native groups. Implementation of the policy required a lot of cooperation between federal, provincial and territorial governments and the native leaders. In 1974, Canadian government established the office of Native Claims which under the leadership of deputy minister, lawyers and researchers dealt with both comprehensive and specific land claims brought forward by the natives (Waldman 259). Specific claims dealt with troubles and complications arising from the running of the Indian accord, Indian finances among others. The authorities sought to reach a settlement through active negotiation, administrative remedy, or court action which often led to land compensation.Advertising Looking for essay on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, comprehensive claims aimed at resolving the conflict emanating from the traditional use and occupancy of land by the three aboriginal groups’ members who failed to sign the treaties but had continued to occupy the land for years. These claims were compensated in monetary terms, return of land, provision of specific rights and some form of local government. These solutions promoted wealth redistribution and promotion of equality among the two social groups. Nature of conflict The conflict arising from native land claim is a representation of social conflict emanating from unequal distribution of resources. Land acquisition by foreigners provides an opportunity for foreigners to enrich themselves while denying the native people a chance to utilize land resources for the advancement of their own socio economic goals. This serves to heighten the social gap between the native and foreigners which often results in a feeling of oppression among the native people. As proposed by Karl Marx, the most dominant conflict in society results from unequal distribution of material resources with those in power using these resources to exploit the poor. The decentralized nature of the Canadian government further serves to complicate the conflict resolution process due to the presence of complex bureaucratic procedures in settlement processes. The negotiation process has been continuing for a period of over two decades with the system having to adjust to national and international changes in communications, economy, value systems and politics. The economically unstable and politically volatile environment serves to further intensify the tension between the natives and foreigners. The dynamic nature of society has considerably slowed down the land claim process and numerous unresolved land claims remain pending. Application of post colonial concepts Colonialism brought with it the marginalization of ethnic people which led to resistance against this domi nation through many forms of active and passive resistance (Young 4). Resistance movements led to the winning of independence from colonial rule and balance of power in most regions. Independence further led to shifts towards formal empires which in turn required additional labour which was fulfilled through immigration. Immigration led to a blurred division between West and the rest of the ethnic groups but the power within these regions remained fully oriented towards self governance. The experience of land dispossession and landlessness was facilitated by the settler colonialism and it is historically the most difficult form conflict to resolve in most regions (Young 49). The struggle for native title has been a major concern especially for native settlers in Canada which has resulted in vigorous movements and campaigns for basic land rights embodied in the original declaration. The fight for land repossession is therefore a post colonial struggle which deals with the aftermath o f one of the most controversial yet a key feature of colonial power. Varying techniques been used in attempt to resolve the ongoing conflict in the post colonial period some of which are outlined below. Post colonialism entails the notion that nationalities of the three non western continents are often in a situation for subordination to Europe and North America hence promoting economic inequality (Young 4). It consists of the reactions, extensive analysis and the cultural context of colonialism and incorporates theories borrowed from philosophy, political science, sociology, and religion among other areas of studies. The native people in Canada lost ownership of land due to their nomadic lifestyles which led to the declaration of that land as ‘empty’ by the Europeans. Scholars have argued that the idea of nomadism can be extended to include all forms of cultural and political activity that transgress the boundaries of contemporary social codes (Young 53). This can be e xplained by the fact that nomads move across territories consequently operating as lateral resistance across borders in an attempt to defy the hegemonic control. Hence, the indigenous settlers of Canada may use nomadism strategy to secure the native lands. Some scholars have suggested that the process of land confiscation and appropriation from those who formally owned it can only be achieved through the concepts of territorialization, deterritorialization or reterritorialization (Young 52). Deterritorialization may take the form of three distinct typologies which include negative deterritorialization; the element of deterritorialization is subjected to some form of retteritorialization which in turn obstructs the line of flight (Swearingen 161) In the second type, deterritorialization is positive but fails to connect with other lines of flight while the third type, deterritorialization is presented in its absolute form enhances its ability to connect with the lines of flight leadin g to creation of new territories (Swearingen 161). Reterritorialization refers to the violent approach of colonial and imperial propagation of economic, cultural, and social transformation. It refers to the varying forms of reconnection of a deterritorialized element in line with other assemblage. Resistance to deterritorialization through land claim movements would enhance the native land claim process (Young 52). In addition, the government may natives may engage in combinative negotiation with the state which involves repurchase of land which was appropriated to the white settlers during their settlement in respective colonies in the 19th century and which are currently being abandoned as virtually worthless due to reduced productivity. The land can then be apportioned back to the native settlers in a bid to settle the land claims. Conclusion The history of Canada has been characterized by numerous attempts by the native settlers to reclaim their land. According to the land claim s, the land which was originally possessed by the aboriginal people under the Royal proclamation was acquired by immigrants and colonialist consequently marginalizing and rendering the natives landless. The government have sought to settle these claims through treaties most of which have proven unsuccessful in the past, monetary compensation, return of land, provision of certain rights among other strategies. However, most of the native land claims remain unresolved with the negotiation process often resulting in futile outcomes. Failure to resolve the ongoing conflict has resulted to increased attention not only from national and international bodies, but also from scholars and researchers who suggest that the land claims can be resolved through application of post colonial concepts such as reterritorialization and deterritorialization, nomadism, and combinative negotiation. Deterritorialization refers to a process that alters a set of relations consequently resulting in higher lev els of actualization. In cultural context, the concept has been used to refer to removal of people from certain locations due to continuous weakening of their culture and status. Since deterritorialization is often followed by reterritorialization, it can be used to resolve the persistent land claims in Canada. Canadian encyclopaedia. â€Å"Land claims.† Historica Dominion, 2011. Web. Planeswalker, Mishra. The evolution of aboriginal land claims and treaties in Canada, Helium Inc, 2010. Web. Simons, Robert. Malmgren, Rachael Small Garrick. Indigenous peoples and real estate valuation, NY: Springer, 2008. Swearingen, James. Extreme beauty: aesthetics, politics, and death, NY: Continuum International Publishing group, 2002. Waldman, Carl. Atlas of North American Indian. New York: InfoBase Publishing, 2007. Young, Robert. Post colonialism: a very short introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Marketing a Product Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing a Product - Research Paper Example Below is a logo of Nike where all Nike’s products bear this logo. As a product, all shoes manufactured by Nike bears its logo. The logo distinguishes Nike from other companies’ products. The logo is attractive to the clients and stands out as the best athletics wear (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel 2008). In some cases, the client feels proud when wearing the shoes since it instills self confidence. As such, Nikes products cannot be compared with other rival companies such as Puma. Also, place stands out as part of the 4p’s of marketing. Nike products are made in Nike town. This is one company where every single detail reads Nike. On the other hand, Nike shoes are distributed by Nike stores as independent distributors who are located in different countries globally (Teece, 2010). In this case, the creation of different places to sell their products makes it easy for many people to access these shoes. Thus, there is a possibility of clients getting a Nike shoe across the globe. The price is also part of the 4 p’s. Given that Nike is an already trusted and established product, their shoes can sell at the highest dollar. As a result, Nike uses cost-based pricing. Also, Nike shoes price is competitive in nature to outshine their rivals in the sportswear (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel 2008). The pricing is a premium segment based and targets customers while pricing utilizes vertical integration such that at the lowest level there are more operations compared to upper level. Promotion is also outlined as an essential part of the 4 p’s of marketing. Nike has excelled in its promotions and their print promotions are simple but they give a very powerful message. For example, Nike can use an athlete to advertise a new brand of shoes. Also, Nike sometimes sponsors sporting event with the aim of promoting its products (Teece, 2010). Another

Significance of Emotional Intelligence Research Paper

Significance of Emotional Intelligence - Research Paper Example The authentic power is a great source of enriching the environment with trust, integrity, and honesty which are the cornerstones of an ideal working environment. Different organizations are on a constant search for a strategy that can fill their business environment with these elements so that they can smoothly move towards their goals. Honesty and trust are crucial elements that should be part of the leaders and when employees believe in their leader's ability and credibility, they tend to perform their job roles well. An effective environment in the organization in which employees are always looking to collaborate with others can be the biggest competitive advantage for any firm. This competitive advantage can allow organizations to be at the topmost level in the industry. Mostly, the resources and product line of the firm is viewed as a major competitive advantage of the firm, but most people forget that the environment within the organization is the main driving factor in creating an innovating culture within the organization (Cassady and Eissa, 2008). The authentic power mentioned above is more commonly known as the emotional intelligence within the organization. Emotional intelligence is the main factor in creating an environment of trust, honesty, integrity, and innovation that are essential elements for any business. All these elements will create strong relationships among employees and most importantly with the company creating a satisfied internal customer. The satisfied internal customer provides the basis of the satisfied external customers. The emotional information is an important aspect of the professional life as the relationships that develop at the workplace are ruled by the dominance and cooperation of others (Mayer and Cauruso, 2002). Being a manager it is imperative that one understands the importance of creating and enhancing a relationship with the subordinates. Â  Having a good relationship with the subordinates would foster creativity and productivity in the performances of the subordinates which furthermore would lead to the profitability of the firm.

Parenting Skills Essay Example for Free

Parenting Skills Essay Review Questions 1. What are the differences between being a biological parent, an adoptive parent, and a foster parent? A biological parent are your real blood parents, an adoptive parent is your parent till you’re 18, and a foster home basically is somewhere to stay and home family till you get adopted not really a permanent situation. 2. What financial needs are parents obligated to provide and which are optional? Up to the age of 18 (unless they move out before) Then clothes, school, food, place to live ,utility bills etc, some kids have activities which would be provided by giving pocket money, educational toys and books, toiletries. Christmas presents are optional but cover fun toys etc after 18 I would hope she will have a job and can contribute towards bills etc. 3. What other needs might a child have that a parent is expected to provide? Toys for them to play with, love, support, food and a safe place to grow up in. 4. What are the qualities of a nurturing parent? A nurturing parent would never give up on their child and go throw everything with them. Would do anything for them even in the worst situation. Critical Thinking Questions 1. What qualities make a person a good parent? A bad parent? A good parent would be there for their child and do whats best for them. A bad parent wouldn’t show any love or care. 2. Which parental responsibilities do you think would be the most challenging? Why? I think letting go over your child and letting them go off on their own, because you will think they’re not safe or okay without you. 3. Which parental responsibilities do you think would be the most interesting to you? Why? I guess getting them their first pet. I love animals and when I do have kids one day I would love to teach them how to take care of the pet. 4. What are some things that people can do to prepare for parenthood? Nothing, because you wont know what to expect until it happens.

Public Health Reflective Journal Health And Social Care Essay

Public Health Reflective Journal Health And Social Care Essay Our discussion last Thursday and Friday focused on the Impact of Disease on Health Care Delivery System and Health Social Care. During that time our tutor Kate gave us an activity which we will cite examples have disease affected those areas of health. Things like Financial Issues, Supply and Demands, Lack of Awareness and Knowledge, Skills Shortage and Poor compliance are the cited problems in all groups that occur in a community who are affected with any kinds of disease. We come up this idea of some reasons. Why Financial Issues? Because medicines and manpower are not free which means it needs funding to cope this problem especially when a large portion of individuals who are needed to be rendered with health services. Supply and Demands, still related to financial issues. Lack of Awareness and Knowledge, this contributes the problem because if a community is lack of awareness or knowledge about it health they are very vulnerable to illnesses or diseases. Skills Shortage this pertains to the members of health care system, it talks about how effective are they in rendering their services, are they professional and skilled to give services in an efficient and effective way Another topic we also considered last week was about case study of Philip, that study is very meaningful to us because its talks about Philips health and family problem. That case study gives us information that Health awareness is vital to a human life and we should take care of ourselves. It also gives ideas to health practitioner on how to manage a case that has crucial situation and needs immediate attention. Has this new knowledge changed my understanding? ( have I developed a whole new way of seeing things): Knowing about the topic we tackled last week enlightened my mind on the importance of caring ourselves and a community as a health practitioner. Hearing those facts make me think that we should take care ourselves in many ways like having enough knowledge in health promotion and disease prevention, regular check up to assess our health status whether we are having illness or not, having healthy habit, diet and lifestyle. On the other hand also as a health care provider it is our responsibility to provide health teaching on those individuals we know that needs it or even not because doing this promotes health and gives knowledge to them on avoiding any disease problems. In addition, we should be a role model of health to them because this is one of the effective way were they will believe our health teachings and apply it to their selves. How will I apply this knowledge and understanding in my work situation? In my situation, there are many cases where I can apply this facts and knowledge I gathered in our last weeks discussion. As we know, we can encounter different case of diseases in care homes both communicable and non-communicable disease and we are aware that were susceptible to have that diseases if we are not aware of it. Due to this point, precautions necessary to prevent getting and spread of one disease to another and we can do it by applying the things we discussed about public health in our workplace. In order to avoid ourselves and others from getting any disease we must maintain doing the basic things like hand washing after toileting/diapering, before preparing or eating food, after covering a sneeze or cough, after blowing the nose, before and after treating a sore or wound. Using of proper protective clothing as a first line of defence. 2.) Submitted: 28th of Jan. 2010 Learning a new topic leads to changes in our knowledge and understanding and should also lead to changes in ways of working. Identify any new knowledge, facts or theories that I have learnt from this weeks teaching: Last week, We discussed all the things that are related about public health and itself. I found out that public health is a very broad topic and correlates many components such as health sector, health organisations, etc. I learned that Public Health is vital in helping people to be aware about their health because it promotes good health, prolongs life and prevents society in getting any kind of diseases. It is also a gathered deed for the health of the certain population. In dissemination of all the information related to health, there are agencies that are responsible in data distribution. This agencies and sectors are the one who takes the promotion, prevention, planning, action, and implementation of all the goals in regarding health information dissemination. One of the most common agencies here in United Kingdom is the National Health Service or commonly called NHS. This agency acts as a framework of local organisations responsible for the healthcare of the community and to work with the local community to improve our populations health and well being. There are more agencies that acts or has a role like the NHS in relation to Public Health. On the other hand Health Organisation has a big role in terms of promoting people in health awareness of the community because they are the one who distribute the health information globally such as World Health Organisation. WHO is the organisation that coordinates and directs for health within the United Nations. WHO leads in providing information about global health matters. Every time there is a new case of disease they are the one that conducts the studies on it and share the information all over the globe. For example, last week we had disserted the topic about the different infectious disease ( Swine Flu, Salmonella, HIV/AIDS, Measles, Meningitis, Tuberculosis , and MRSA ) and Non-infectious Disease ( Cancer, Coronary Heart Disease, Cerebro-Vascular Accident, Obesity, Asthma ) which are the products of the studios of WHO. Without WHO we cant gain access or unknowledgeable about these diseases. Match criteria Has this new knowledge changed my understanding? (have I developed a whole new way of seeing things) The topic we discussed doesnt change my understanding about Public Health. The lesson we take up last week adds information about what I know in public health and it makes me understand that it is very important in building healthy community not only in a certain place but globally. It also reminds me that as a health practitioner, we have also the responsibility to share what we have learned about promoting health and preventing diseases. Through this way we can help achieved one of the Public Health goal, which is the Health Awareness. How will I apply this new knowledge and understanding in my work situation? Like what I have said before, we can apply this knowledge by sharing the information about public health and telling them how to prevent diseases. In my situation as an Health Care Assistant in a Care Home, I can share what I have learned by telling to all my colleagues the importance of using protective clothes whilst giving care to a service user and explaining them how to make care a service user who has infectious and non-infectious disease. INTRODUCTION In this assignment, for Part 1, I am going to cite two agencies and named their roles in Public Health in terms of identifying level of health and disease in communities. I will name also epidemiology of two diseases and investigate a chart or graphical form of its incident rate. On other hand I will show the Statistical Data of the two diseases and interpret it base on facts and my understanding. In every agency I will choose two different approaches and strategies in controlling disease and investigate its effectiveness and after that I will make surveillance on how it improves Public Health. In this activity too I need to inspect current priorities to the provision of one disease and gives example on how it relates between prevalence rate, its causes and the requirements for health and social care services. Explore In Part 2, I will do a case study on a given data or on a workplace experience. Analyse its critical factors that affects individuals health then after I am going to put its priorities and evaluate its effectiveness to individuals well being. I will proposed as well changes that can improve its health and set it in action like having implementing campaigns to encourage maximize their health. In this part, I will explain the role of 2 different agencies in identifying levels of health and disease in communities PUBLIC HEALTH It is improving and safeguarding well-being. Public Health is in charge for health safety, health enhancement and health inequalities issues in England. It is responsible moreover for shaping policy, allocating resources, co-ordinating actions and supervising progress. Diagnose and investigate health hazards and health problems in the society. Assess accessibility, effectiveness, and quality of personal and population-based health services. In addition they are the one organised community efforts in aiming prevention of disease and promotion of health. In relation of this, I select two agencies that will partake the goals of public health. There are many agencies that have important roles in the society. I chose two agencies which helps contribute health awareness and protection for any kind of diseases; it is the Department of Health (DOH) and National Health Services (NHS). I will precisely relate this two agency to the two diseases I chose which is the Meningitis and Cerebrovascular Accident. Department of Health has many roles for the society. This agency focuses on issues related to the general health of the citizenry. It also compiles statistics about health issues of their area. It assesses and assures risk management to human health from the environment properly. Promote and protect the health and wellness of the people within the society and community. Promote and protects the public health to prevent disease and illness. Provides research and information for the detection, reporting, prevention, and control of any diseases or health hazard that the department considers to be dangerous that likely affects the public health. Establish a uniform public health program throughout the community which includes continuous service, employment of qualified employees, and a basic program of disease control, vital and health statistics, sanitation, public health nursing, and other preventive heath programs necessary or desirable for the protection of public health. Gather and disseminate information on causes of injury, sickness, death, and disability and the risk factors that contribute to the causes of injury, sickness, death, and disability within the society for their awareness. Implement programs and campaigns necessary or desirable for the promotion or protection of the public health to reduce and control the disease. DOH develops strategic approaches for current health risks. Establish risk analysis framework and maintenance of risk standards. http://www.le.utah.gov/interim/2005/pdf/00000306 National Health Services is a publicly funded healthcare systems in United Kingdom, this agency focus on maintaining peoples health and well-being. This agency is responsible for delivering quality and effective health service to humanity. They also contribute fair access to everyone in relation to peoples need. They are responsible for making payments to independent primary care contractors such as GPs, dentists, opticians and pharmacists in rendering their services to all people who needs it. It provides different caring services such as Emergency Respite Care, where care is provided if an individual; are unable to fulfil your caring responsibilities due to unforeseen circumstances, such as illness.  Domiciliary Care, where somebody comes into your home and takes over some of your responsibilities for a few hours.  Day care centre, where the person you care for spends time at a centre whilst you have a few spare hours to yourself. There are more services rendered by the NHS whi ch develop societies health http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/36D1CF8D85714DBECA25720D001F6860/$File/quaat3.pdf http://www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/doh/newnhs/wpaper8.htm In this part, I will investigate the epidemiology of two diseases in graph format and show my understanding and interpretation of the given data: Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Infection can cause the meninges  to become inflamed and swell, which can damage the nerves and brain. This can cause symptoms such as a severe headache, vomiting, high fever, stiff neck and sensitivity to light. Many people (but not all) also develop a distinctive skin rash. Symptoms can differ in young children and babies. See the symptoms section for more information. Meningitis can be caused by: bacteria, such as streptococcus pneumoniae, the bacteria also responsible for pneumonia, which usually live harmlessly in your mouth and throat, and viruses, such as the herpes simplex virus. Viral meningitis Viral meningitis is the most common and less serious type of meningitis. There are approximately 3,000 cases of viral meningitis reported in England and Wales every year, but experts believe the true number is much higher. This is because in many cases of viral meningitis the symptoms are so mild that they can often be mistaken for flu. Viral meningitis is most common in young children and babies, especially in babies less than one year old. Viral meningitis usually gets better by itself within a couple of weeks, without the need for specific treatment. Bacterial meningitis Bacterial meningitis is extremely serious and should be treated as a medical emergency. If the bacterial infection is left untreated, it can cause severe damage to the brain and infect the blood (septicaemia), leading to death. Treatment requires a transfer to an intensive care unit so the bodys functions can be supported whilst antibiotics are used to fight the infection. There are approximately 2,000 cases of bacterial meningitis in England and Wales every year. The number of cases has dropped sharply in recent years due to a successful vaccination programme that protects against many of the bacteria that can cause meningitis. The treatment for bacterial meningitis has improved greatly. Several decades ago, almost all people with bacterial meningitis would die, even if they received prompt treatment. Now deaths occur in  one in 10 cases, usually as a result of a delay in treatment. Bacterial meningitis is most common in children and babies under the age of three, and in teenagers and young people aged 15-24. The best way to prevent meningitis is to ensure that your familys vaccinations are up to date. Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) A stroke happens when the blood supply to the brain is disturbed in some way. As a result, brain cells are starved of oxygen. This causes some cells to die and leaves other cells damaged. Types of stroke Most strokes happen when a blood clot blocks one of the arteries (blood vessels) that carries blood to the brain. This type of stroke is called an ischaemic stroke. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mini-stroke is a short-term stroke that lasts for less than 24 hours. The oxygen supply to the brain is quickly restored and symptoms disappear. A transient stroke needs prompt medical attention because it indicates a serious risk of a major stroke. Cerebral thrombosis is when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in an artery that supplies blood to the brain. Blood vessels that are furred up with fatty deposits (atheroma) make a blockage more likely. The clot prevents blood flowing to the brain and cells are starved of oxygen. Cerebral embolism is a blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body before travelling through the blood vessels and lodging in the brain. In the brain, it starve cells of oxygen. An irregular heartbeat or recent heart attack may make you prone to forming blood clots. Cerebral haemorrhage is when a blood vessel bursts inside the brain and bleeds (haemorrhages). With a haemorrhage, blood seeps into the brain tissue and causes extra damage. (2009) (Meningitis). Available from http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Meningitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. [Accessed Feb. 24, 2010] These are the graphs showing the rates of Meningitis and Cardiovascular Accident here in United Kingdom. Source: PHLS Meningococcal Reference Unit Disease Trends Group B- unvaccinated Meningococcal serogroup C Group C- vaccinated with Meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MCC) Others Ungroup This graph table shows the effectiveness of meningococcal conjugate vaccine from 1998 2007. As we have seen in the figure, the case reduces every year especially to those who have taken the vaccine. It also shows the successful phased introduction of the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MCC) in 1999 into the National Immunisation Programme in the UK. This graph tells also that the immunity to Meningitis C has been identified in age groups who have not been vaccinated, as bacterium carriage rates are reduced across the population. We can see also in this table that those who didnt take meningococcal vaccine were greatly affective by Meningitis. Source: NOIDS England Wales Final Midi Report for 2005 (Table 3 Final totals for 2005 by sex and age-group) Prevalence of Bacterial Meningitis and Septicaemia by Age Group In this table, we could conclude that ages under 1-4 years old was greatly affected by meningitis as we have seen in the peaks of the graph and 0-11 months was greatly affected by the Pneumococcal and Meningococcal disease. And the same peaks in the number of notifications for the under 4 years and 15-24 age groups can also be seen with meningococcal septicaemia. Source: NOIDS England Wales Final Midi Report for 2005 (Table 3 Final totals for 2005 by sex and age-group) Prevalence of Bacterial Meningitis (without Septicaemia) by Age Group This graph shows the high number of notifications of meningococcal and pneumococcal meningitis (without septicaemia) in England and Wales. Observing this graph will note us that the cases in 2005, age group that is 1 year of age are greatly affected with Meningococcal Meningitis and Pneumococcal Meningitis and 15 to 24 years of age were averagely affected with the certain disease. It also illustrates us that among the group cases under 1 year of age gets the highest peak in having Pneumococcal disease. It is also interesting to note that the pneumococcal meningitis peaks again in the older age groups (45-64 and 65+). Top of Form Bottom of Form This graph shows all the percentages of all six categories are experiencing stroke. Figures for males are in dark gray bars and data for females are in light gray bars, with the number of patients in each age category shown above each bar. All data are patients who are experiencing stroke or CVA. As we observed in the graph the age group from 30 to This illustration shows the Incidence Rate of stroke in United States and United Kingdom. Details are articulated as person per year having stroke in 7 age categories. Individual experiencing strokes, person-years of follow-up was defined as the number of years from birth to the date for first recorded stroke. For individual without strokes, person-years of follow-up were defined as the last available follow-up date during the natural history period. Stroke incidence rates are revealed in data chart beneath the graph. As you see the data its very clear that a UK male has the highest incidence rates. UK Females, US Males and US Females are mostly like has the same incidence rate in occurrence of CVA. In this part, I will choose at least two approaches and strategies that control the incidence of one disease and analyse its effectiveness: As prevention of these diseases and to decrease its rate Department of Health and National Health Services make strategies and campaign to attain their goals. Department of Health formulate the Meningitis C Campaign the purpose of the this campaign was to immunise as many as possible of the countrys 15 million young people and children aged under the age of 18 years in as short a time as possible, immunising those most at risk of disease first. Carrying out of the programme was made according to the risk of disease-those at utmost risk being immunised first. In November 1999, National Childhood Programme introduces the routine immunisation of vaccine at the ages of two, three and four months alongside the DTP, Hib and polio vaccines and in December 1999 adolescent that ages 15 and 17 was also immunised. As a result of the campaign there are around 13 million children have immunised during the first year through the help of general practitioners, nurses, immunisation coordinators and many other health professional. This was pursuing by a widespread draw alongside programme to immunise all other children and adolescents up to the age of 18 years in 2000/2001.   After that the vaccine was made accessible to anyone up to 25 years. National Health Services contributed also a meningitis prevention program here in United Kingdom. The Campaign to promote new Vaccine against Meningitis, this program encouraged all parents to immunised their children against pneumococcal disease which is the causative agent of meningitis. General Practitioners has the big role of this campaign because they are the who will catch-up the campaign for the children ages 0 2 years who is starting their immunisations. This program was imposed by Health Minister Dr. Brian Gibbons. He states that: Immunisation is the best way to protect children from serious disease and the routine childhood programme has been extremely effective in achieving this. The changes will further improve the programme and benefit children. This new vaccine will help save lives and prevent hundreds more cases of serious illness such as meningitis and pneumonia. To maximise the defence against Meningitis C and Hib disease NHS made two changes in the routine program. The present three doses of Meningitis C vaccine will be respaced at three and four months of age with a booster shot at 12 months. Most up-to-date proof shows that the protection offered by this vaccine declines one year after vaccination. To maximise the protection in the first two years of life when the risk of infection is high, we will recommend doses at three and four months of age and a booster dose at 12 months. A booster shot of Hib vaccine will be given at 12 months. In 1992 Hib vaccine was introduced and is presently given to children at two, three and four months of age. Since 1999, there was a small but slow increase in the number of cases in older children being reported. Again, because of this Meningitis prevention program, the disease declined over time. There was a Hib booster campaign happened in 2003. This dose was given to older children to maximise their immunity. This upturned the small increase in infections that had started to occur. A booster dose of Hib vaccine is being added to the childhood immunisation programme as a routine at 12 months to extend protection against Hib disease. The new routine vaccination schedule is as follows: 2 months DTaP/IPV/Hib + pneumococcal vaccine 3 months DTaP/IPV/Hib + MenC vaccine 4 months DTaP/IPV/Hib + MenC + pneumococcal vaccine 12 months Hib/Men C 13 months MMR + pneumococcal vaccine DTaP/IPV/Hib is a single injection that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Hib. MenC protects against meningitis C Hib/ MenC is a combined vaccine protecting against Hib and Meningitis C (2009)( Campaign to promote new Vaccine against Meningitis ) available from www.immunisation.nhs.uk. [Accessed at February 24, 2010] Due to this campaign the rate of meningococcal infection has fallen every year since, and the cases of laboratory-confirmed group C meningococcal disease across all age groups immunised has go down by 90% since the vaccine was implemented. In 2003/04, there were only 65 cases reported and 8 deaths. There was even a good effect in those who were not immunised with a reduction of about 70%, recommending that the vaccine has had a community protection effect. In fact the campaign has been so successful that meningitis C disease now accounts for less than 10% of meningococcal meningitis cases. Even though the campaign made a great success still the health officials and medical professionals need to remain cautious. (2010) ( Meningitis C Campaign) available from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. [Accessed at February 24, 2010] . For Cardiovascular Accident prevention, Department of Health formulated new strategies to fall its rate. They formulated the Stroke: Act F.A.S.T. awareness campaign; F.A.S.T means Face, Arm, Speech, and Time. The Stroke: Act F.A.S.T. awareness campaign aims to teach all health related professionals and the community on the signs of stroke and that prompt emergency treatment can reduce the risk of death and disability. The campaign will notify the community about F.A.S.T. to call 999. F.A.S.T is a simple examination to help people to identify the signs of stroke and be aware of the importance of fast emergency management. Campaign adverts, on Television, radio, internet and flyers, illustrate stroke spreading like fire in the brain to demonstrate that fast emergency action can limit damage and radically raise a persons probability of surviving and of avoiding long-term disability. (2010)( Stroke: Act F.A.S.T. awareness campaign ) available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics. [Accessed at February 24, 2010] If Department of Health has its campaign towards CVA, National Health Services provide also a program to lessen its incidence rate; The National Stroke Awareness Campaign. This campaign is related to F.A.S.T were NHS implemented that all paramedics should know how to assess a person using F.A.S.T before sending them to hospital. They also made a Stroke Association who will support this campaign. This kind of charity is exclusively concerned with fighting stroke towards people in all ages. The charity resources research into prevention, treatment, better methods of rehabilitation and facilitates stroke patients and their families directly through its Rehabilitation and Support Services which include Communication Support, Family and Carer Support, information services, welfare grants, publications and leaflets. In this part, I will investigate current priorities and approaches to the provision of heath services for people with one disease: Treating Meningitis is not easy thing to do because this disease has various types, viral and bacterial meningitis. There is no treatment for Viral Meningitis. The immune system, will create antibodies to annihilate the virus. Until it is known that a child has viral, not bacterial meningitis, he or she will be admitted to the hospital. But once the finding of viral meningitis is complete, antibiotics are stopped, and a child who is recuperating satisfactorily will be sent home. Simply acetaminophen must be given to lessen fevers. Clear fluids and a bland diet including preferred foods should be offered. During recovery, a child desires rest in a gloomy, quiet room. Bright lights, noise and guests may irritate a child with meningitis. Increased anxiety on the brain from build-up of fluid in the meninges is a severe problem. (2010)(Viral Meningitis) available from: http://www.healthscout.com. [Accessed at February 24, 2010) For Bacterial Meningitis may prove fatal within hours. Patients with suspected acute bacterial meningitis should be immediately admitted to the hospital and assessed for whether LP (lichen planus) is clinically safe. Antimicrobials should be given quickly. If LP is late because a CT scan is essential, antibiotic action should be started before the scan and after blood samples have been attained for culture. When the exact organism is recognized and results of susceptibilities are known, treatment can be customized accordingly. After the diagnosis has been confirmed (generally within 12-48 hours of admission to the hospital), the patients antimicrobial therapy can be modified according to the causative organism and its susceptibilities. Supportive therapy, such as fluid replacement, should be continued. Dexamethasone should be continued for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitides. S pneumoniae (duration of therapy 10-14 days) Penicillin susceptible (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] Penicillin intermediate (MIC = 0.1-1.0 microgram/mL): cefotaxime or ceftriaxone Penicillin resistant (MIC à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥2.0 microgram/mL) or cephalosporin-resistant (MIC à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥1.0 microgram/mL): vancomycin AND cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. H influenzae (duration of therapy 10-14 days) Beta-lactamase-negative: ampicillin Beta-lactamase-positive: cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci) (duration of therapy 14-21 days) Gentamicin AND ampicillin or benzylpenicillin. Escherichia coli and other gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae: (duration of therapy 21-28 days) Gentamicin AND cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. Listeria monocytogenes (duration of therapy 21-28 days) Gentamicin AND ampicillin or benzylpenicillin. Staphylococcus aureus (duration of therapy depends on microbiological response of CSF and underlying illness of the patient) Methicillin susceptible: nafcillin or oxacillin Methicillin resistant: vancomycin. Staphylococcus epidermidis (duration of therapy depends on microbiological response of CSF and underlying illness of the patient) Vancomycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (duration of therapy 21 days) Ceftazidime and gentamicin. Enterococcus species (duration of therapy 21 days) Ampicillin and gentamicin. Acinetobacter species (duration of therapy 21 days) Gentamicin and meropenem. N meningitides (duration of therapy 5-7 days) Penicillin susceptible (MIC Penicillin intermediate (MIC = 0.1-1.0 microgram/mL): cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. (2010) (Bacterial Meningitis) available from: http://bestpractice.bmj.com. [Accessed February 24, 2010] In this part, I will explain by giving examples, the relationship between the prevalence of one disease, its causes and the requirements for health and social care services: Nowadays United Kingdom is still cautious about Meningitis even though the incidence rate is already decreasing radically. To be safe, health organisation are prioritising women and childrens health. They develop a guideline which suggest about ma

Artifact Speech Essay

4-H is a program set up by the United States Department of Agriculture originally in rural areas to help young people become productive citizens by instructing them in useful skills, community service, and personal development. To me 4-h is not only that, but it is a lifestyle. 4h is not something a person can just chose to do one day and become the best, they would have to have the passion and commitment for the lifestyle. The 4h clover is the main symbol for 4-H. The four H’s represent the words head, heart, hands, and health. This coincides with the 4h pledge which states, â€Å"I pledge my head to clearer thinking, my heart to greater loyalty, my hands to larger service, and my health to better living, for my club, my community, my country and my world.† This pledge is a constant reminder in my life that everything I do is affecting everyone around me. I have participated in 4-h since I was nine, being part of such an amazing program has made me who I am today. 4-H taught me how to become responsible, independent, and a leader. 4h has helped me form bonds with people that will last a lifetime. Responsibility is something every parent wants their child to learn, through 4-h I learned how to take care of an animal, I had to make sure my animal was properly fed and always had water, I was to make sure the environment he was living in was clean and kept the way a human would want it. That animal was my child for the 6 months I had him. As a nine year old, I was not able to do everything I needed to do to keep my animal alive on my own, but as the years went on and I grew older I was able to become independent and eventually teach younger members of 4-h how to take care of their animals and become independent as well. 4-h has a lot of opportunities that can help you grow, one opportunity that is offered is Junior Fair Board. JFB is a group for 4-h members between the ages of 15-18 who come together as one and run all of the shows and activities that happen during the week of the County Fair. Learning how to run livestock shows and trying to meet the needs of every person that attends the Hartford Fair is just the beginning of this wonderful opportunity. Putting in countless hours and losing nights of sleep with some of your best friends is all worth it in the end. This program is something that has taught me how to grow as a person and given me countless options to better my future. Throughout these 10 years I have found confidence, independence, and leadership within myself. 4h is not just an organization that allows me to take care of animals, it is a lifestyle

Once You Open Your Eyes Essay

When a human being is a victim, they need to have courage and follow their ways, no matter what others say. Jem and Scout see people become victims of prejudice, rumors, poverty, and other atrocities in their own little town, as they grew older. In To Kill a Mockingbird, the children learn life lessons from witnessing people striving to survive different situations within Maycomb. When a challenge causes one to struggle, the children see that person, or themselves, have to have courage to do as they have before. Jem and Scout see their small town judge the Radleys, but the Radleys still do what they have done for as long as any single person can remember. They never talk to their neighbors or open their doors and windows on Sunday. Since they have odd habits, from other’s perspectives, and keep to themselves, citizens of Maycomb start rumors about them, saying â€Å"Radley pecans [will] kill you† (Lee 9). These rumors criticized the Radleys and made people afraid of them. Calpunia had something to say about them, stating one day that Mr. Radley was â€Å"the meanest man God ever blew breath into† (Lee 12). Since he was â€Å"mean,† that held more rumors to be made about them. The stories make children believe Boo was locked up in a damp basement in the courthouse for years and is now chained up in his house. The Radleys stay the way they are; despite the rumors, remaining removed from human contact. The Radleys are victims of misunderstanding and people’s cruel stories â€Å"unwilling to discard their initial suspicions† (Lee 9). Jem and Scout witness the Radleys to stick to their ways since they go against the crowd, despite society’s wants. The Finch children begin to notice many children’s families are victims of poverty, especially the Cunninghams, but the Cunninghams are different; they never take charity or have to depend on others. The Cunninghams are one of the poorest families in Maycomb, but they have the strongest determination to survive; and are the hardest workers. They have a great deal of pride and are respectable people. â€Å"‘The Cunninghams never [take] anything from anybody, they get along with what they have,’ † states Scout (Lee 20). Walter Cunningham would not even take a quarter of a dollar to buy a lunch because of how he was raised. The Finch children realize the Cunninghams are a brave family to live under their circumstances and not accept anyone else’s charity. If one does not accept others’ charity, they suffer more and do not always know when they are receiving their next paycheck. It is scary to not know these things, but the Cunninghams are proud and brave when to not accept the offerings of other people. The Finch children understand this from listening to Atticus talk about the Cunningham family. Tom Robinson suffered because of people and their prejudice beliefs. He also suffers from others misdeeds and died as innocent as a mockingbird. Jem becomes a victim when Tom Robinson was found guilty. He realizes the court does not always work. Jem became a victim of the system’s flaws and shortcomings. He used to believe that the court always worked, but learned it did not, when a jury found a clearly innocent man guilty. This crushed him, but it made him grow up and learn to accept things like this, because when maturing, one has to realize the world isn’t perfect. He had to have courage to accept this factor in life. It is a atrocious crime to take a persons life to merely keep the truth in the shadows; but with the pain of Tom’s death blooms a new hope of equality for the town of Maycomb, with just a baby step. Like all other children, Scout and Jem have to face all the challenges of growing up, but they have to keep going on with their lives, no matter what problems arise for them. Scout experiences the challenges of growing up when her aunt moved in. She criticized Scout for wearing pants and not acting in a lady-like manner, but that was only a small problem, and Scout stayed herself. She kept wearing pants and speaking her mind because she wanted to be an individual. Scout is surprised by prejudice, while going up. She was not aware that prejudice existed. She witnesses others victimize each other because they are different, either because of their color, friends, how they act, or many other reasons. She learns and sees this happen when listening to neighbors gossip about the Radleys, her teacher bad-mouth African Americans, or even her own self be criticized by the way she speaks her mind. Scout does not understand why people are like this, putting labels on certain types of people, like African Americans, saying â€Å"all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings, that all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women† (Lee 204). Scout knows that not all people are perfect. She has to accept that some humans do not always treat others with kindness. Both Jem and Scout have to be brave and deal with the changes in the world. Scout and Jem learn from people, or themselves, when they are victims of different situations, but they are still brave. Atticus points out that real courage is when someone goes through life, still fighting, even if they are victims of prejudice, rumors, lies, hate, misunderstanding, or life’s shortcomings; to not give up even if you’ve already lost . Jem and Scout learn to keep their ways, adjust, and not judge people without knowing the full truth about them. They hope for the world to be a more understanding place.

The Spectacled Bear Essays - Bears, Spectacled Bear, Tremarctos

The Spectacled Bear Essays - Bears, Spectacled Bear, Tremarctos The Spectacled Bear The Spectacled Bear, or Tremarctos Ornatus, is an endangered species. This rare bear can only be found in a few elusive spots in the world. Many endangered species all over the world don?t deserve the respect and care that they need. That is why many endangered species often become extinct or remain on the endangered species list for the remainder of their survival on Earth. Today, as more species become endangered, more people become involved in their care. Many things are being done to save endangered species, including safe, poacher-free environments in captivity, and wildlife preservations, to name a few. Only a handful of zoos and sanctuaries around the globe are lucky enough to be able to try to breed and care for rare endangered species. The Phoenix Zoo is an example of this. Right now, they have captive many endangered species, including the almost extinct Mexican Wolf and Spectacled Bear. In their newest exhibit, called ?The Forest of Uco,? the Phoenix Zoo has Spectacled bears and other animals from South America, the Spectacled Bears? homeland. The Forest is a great place for the Spectacled Bears to exist, and a great place for everyone to observe their beauty. The Spectacled Bear?s name is derived from their markings. Around their eyes, the Spectacled Bear has white rings, contrasting with their dark brown bodies. These look like spectacles, hence the name. Though it is quite easy to see why they got their name, the Spectacled bears do not live up to it so strongly. When observed closely, Spectacled Bears, in most cases, don?t have spectacles at all. In fact, most Spectacled Bears have white ?sideburns? or faint rings. They are a beautiful species, no matter what the extent of their markings is. Spectacled Bears belong to the class Mammalia, order Carnivora, family Ursidae, and genus/species Tremarctos Ornatus. All bears belong to Mammalia, Carnivora, Ursidae, and the genus Ursus Linnaeus. These are the scientific names for the Spectacled Bear and all bears. The Spectacled Bear is not a relatively big bear, but is decent in size. Its body length is, on average, 6 ft in head and body length, with a tail length of 70 mm. The bears weigh in at about 300lbs (fully grown male). They stand about 30 in at the shoulders. The Spectacled Bear is vividly and beautifully colored. Their fur is black-brown, with lighter tones towards their chest and neck. Their muzzle is mostly light brown to red, and white. Of course, their face is gorgeously decorated. It has thin white bands that wrap around it eyes and muzzle. These markings are quite easy to recognize and identify. Spectacled Bears have a very limited diet. They feed largely on plant matter, including leaves, shoots, fruits and roots. In Ecuador, the Bear?s main source of plant matter is the Pambili Palm Tree. The bear climbs to the top of the tree, and strips it of its leaves, which fall to the ground. The bear then dismounts the tree and it eats the fallen leaves. Also, the bear will tear open the green flesh of young palms in order to reach the tender pith inside. It feeds on the buds of the tree, too. In the northern reaches of Peru, the bear feeds mostly on the fruits of a species called Capparis. Though mostly vegetarian, there have been cases of the Spectacled Bear feeding on meat. In the wild, it has been recorded that the Spectacled Bear will, if necessary, feed on deer, guanacos, and vicunas. Also, the Bear will eat meat in captivity if necessary. The bear will feed on small rodents such as rats and insects, to deer and wild boar. When hungry, the bear loves corn, but will often pay the price of his life to farmers, whose crops the bears will raid. Although the bear is a predator, it is not known to be prey to any larger animals. The Spectacled Bear is native to South America. There are many different countries and regions that it spans, but it mainly occupies the northern regions of Chile and the southern regions of Bolivia and Peru. Though these are the bears? common home, it has been found as

Grandparent rights essays

Grandparent rights essays The California Supreme Court ruled in favor of grandparents visitation rights in a recent case involving a 9 year old girl Emily, whose mother, Butler, and Father, Charles Harris, separated before she was born and the custodial mother restricted the grandparent visitation rights. The court ruled that grandparents may be allowed visits with grandchild over a custodial parents objection provided there is a positive proof that such visitations will render no harm to the child. Is this an appropriate judgment Should grandparents visitation be granted Certainly, Yes. This ruling will have a positive effect on the life of both, grandchild and grandparent. Although the custodial parents have the fundamental right and responsibility of raising their child, grandparents rights must be granted as grandparents play a beneficial role in the life of their grandchild and have forged a bond with their grandchild. Grandparents are the first one to step forward in absence of parents. When parents are busy grandparents are primary caregivers or babysitters. Due to the growth of teen pregnancy, abuse among parents, divorce, and child abuse and neglect, an increasing number of children are living with their grandparents. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 1970, 2.2 million or 3.2 percent of American children under 18 lived with their grandparents. By 1997, this number had risen to 3.9 million or 5.5 percent. This figure shows a 76 percent increase over the 27 year period(Lugaila forthcoming) and proves that grandparents are considerate about their grandchildrens welfare. Therefore, in circumstances where parents divorce, die, or become incarcerated, grandparents simply cannot be isolated from their grandchildren. Grandparents visitation rights dont aim at supplanting the parental rights. Custodial parents have fundamental and constitutional liberty in raising their children, and laws or govern...

What Competitive Strategy Coca Cola Should Adopt to Develop Business Dissertation

What Competitive Strategy Coca Cola Should Adopt to Develop Business Expansion in China - Dissertation Example This fact helps the company in glocalising its products with also reducing its operational costs. In the light of the above fact the paper focuses on evaluating the region of China as a feasible market for beverage and soft drink products rendered by Coca-Cola. China seems to be a growing market for beverage and soft drinks where a larger chunk of the population still depend on the increased consumption of tea as the most liked and supported beverage. However with the development of the economic and social situation of several regions in China there has been growth of middle class consumers demanding westernised products. Thus several soft drink and beverage companies like Coca-Cola are eying China as a potential marketing development zone for their products. The paper in this account tends to conduct a research based on the use of several strategic models to evaluate the marketing position for beverages in China. In addition the paper also focuses on conducting analysis based on interview of both targeted consumers and managers of Coca-Cola to enhance the level of understanding of the parameters through which Coca-Cola can effectively succeed in the Chinese soil. Introduction About Coca-Cola Coca-Cola listed in the New York Stock Exchange stands as the largest beverage producer in the world. The company works on rendering a number of branded drinks that in total amounts to consolidated revenue of around $15 billion. Coca-Cola ranks as number one in the field of beverage and juice production and also ready-to-drink coffee products. The company through its extensive distribution network endeavours to serve consumers along 200 countries thereby gaining the potential to render around 1.8 billion servings on an average basis. Further, the com pany works to enhance on its environment sustainability and social responsibility paradigm to gain an enhanced space in the consumer markets. The company also acts as a significant global employer ranking 10 in the

Sexual Harassment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sexual Harassment - Essay Example The concept of sexual harassment is a conventional phenomenon, which first appeared in the 1970s in United States. The concept also appeared later in 1986 in Europe. The aspect of sexual harassment brought forth a possibility of both positive and negative effects on the society in entirety and on organizations and individuals in particular. This led to increasing attention on the subject from both researchers and organizations alike. Sexual harassment is a severe contravention on the rights of workers with unpleasant and degrading experiences, which often result in emotional and psychological trauma. Generally, sexual harassment is described as the conduct of a sexual nature, which is unwelcome, and aims at intimidating, embarrassing, degrading the victim. Furthermore, sexual harassment creates hostile working conditions for the victim, which eventually hinders productivity and social exchanges within the organization (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2013). Australia human rights commission holds that an individual sexually harasses the other when: 1. The individual makes an undesirable sexual progress or unwanted sexual request for sexual favors to the harassed. Circumstances to be considered might include, but not restricted to; (a) age, sex, sexual preference, color, race, ethnic origin and religious belief of the harassed person. (b) The association involving the person and the individual who started the progress or appeal or who involved in the behavior. (c) Disability of the harassed person or other pertinent circumstance. 2. The harasser participates in unwarranted manner of a sexual character in relation to the harassed person. Sexual harassment is an intense problem in the contemporary workplace that is increasing at a high pace. Thousands of males and females come forward every year to report their sexual harassment and employers and other state agencies. In the beginning of sexual harassment in 1970s, researchers anticipated that one in every two women would become a sufferer of sexual aggravation in the job environment. The quantity of employees who lodge complaints of sexual aggravation in the private and public labor force remains high. Discrimination in employment has been increasing over the decades, but sexual harassment has currently been the basis of 33 percent of all harassment claims (Boland, 2005) according to the national agency charged with examining sexual aggravation in the place of work. The cost of sexual harassment is very expensive to both the employer and the individual being harassed. The United States department of labour holds that millions of dollars are lost in job opportunities, and more are lost in awards after harassment cases. Types and forms of sexual harassment One of the most arising questions on the aspect of sexual aggravation in the office seeks to answer what specific behaviors amount to sexual harassment. However, studies today look at the broader range of sociosexual actions in the work place as well as the conditions highlighted above for advances of sexual harassment. In establishing whether sexual harassment occurred or not, there has to be a complete analysis of actions patterns and aspects that are unwanted. In defining the term sexual harassment, request for sexual favors, sexually oral and physical behavior, as well as the sexual advance must to be ‘unwelcome’. This implies that the person complaining of sexual har